Install Stress tool on Amazon Linux
Install Stress tool on Amazon Linux
Login into EC2 instance
sudo amazon-linux-extras install epel -y
sudo yum install stress -y
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HAPROXY as the Reverse Proxy and usage with EBS/Oracle Apps
HAPROXY as the Reverse Proxy and usage with EBS/Oracle Apps
HAProxy is a free, very fast, and reliable solution offering high availability, load balancing, and proxying for TCP and HTTP-based applications. It is particularly suited for very high traffic websites and powers quite a number of the world's most visited ones.
Benefits of Reverse Proxy
- Load Balancing
- Web Caching
- Improved performance
- Clients never know where is Server
- More Efficient and Secure SSL encryption
Integration with Oracle EBS
- TLS Termination point in front of the Oracle EBS.
- Up-to-date TLS endpoint
- Certificates signed with SHA-2 (signature algorithm: sha256WithRSAEncryption)
- TLS 1.2 with stronger cipher suites
- Can be implemented on same node as application Node
- TLS 1.0, TLS 1.1, TLS 1.2 supported
- Works with both Self signed and CA certificates.
HAProxy can provide an up-to-date TLS endpoint with the following configuration options:
• Certificates signed with SHA-2 (signature algorithm: sha256WithRSAEncryption)
• TLS 1.2 with stronger cipher suites
Who Can Use
While HAProxy is a capable proxy and a load balancer, If you are using Oracle Linux 6 (or Red Hat), you can simply install the OS-provided RPM package. If you are using AIX or Solaris, it is possible to download the HAProxy source code and compile it for that operating system (remember to configure HAProxy for SSL/TLS). Windows and HP-UX are not currently supported by the build system supplied with HAProxy.
In the case that you cannot or prefer not to run HAProxy on the same host as OHS 10g, you can run HAProxy on a different host with a supported operating system. For example, you can run HAProxy on Linux on real hardware or in a virtual machine.
I will share a post soon on steps to integrate HAProxy with EBS.
Schemas used during Login into an EBS Application
Schemas used during Login into an EBS Application
When we sign on to Oracle E-Business Suite, we initially connect to the public schema,
APPLSYSPUB. Once the user name and password have been verified, Oracle E-Business
Suite connects you to the APPS schema and allows you to choose responsibility. You can
then use the Forms interface or HTML interface to access data that resides in a product
schema. So whenever a database session is created it will be connected via apps user.
The OAcore and forms services will be making the database session. In R12.2 the data source in Weblogic is used for the database connection.
More about APPLSYSPUB check the link below
The flow of how to Start/Stop Oracle Application Services R12.2
The flow of how to Start/Stop Oracle Application Services R12.2
In this post, I am going to share how to start/stop the application services in EBS R12.2. I have tried to explain the process through an easy diagram as a visual explanation is remembered longer.
CONTEXT_NAME=<SID>_<hostname>
Please note in the case of Multiple Application nodes or RAC you have to start services on all nodes.
How to change APPS password in Oracle Apps/EBS 11i
How to change APPS password in Oracle Apps/EBS 11i
Steps to change apps password in 11i
1) Shut down the application on all nodes
2) Take the backup below files on all application nodes.
$IAS_ORACLE_HOME/Apache/modplsql/cfg/wdbsvr.app
$ORACLE_HOME/reports60/server/CGIcmd.dat (8.0.6 Oracle_home)
$FND_TOP/resource/wfmail.cfg
3) Backup below tables
create table FND_USER_BK_<YYYYMM> as select * from FND_USER;
create table FND_ORACLE_USERID_BK_<YYYYMM> as select * from FND_ORACLE_USERID;
4) Change apps password using the below command.
FNDCPASS apps/<appspwd> 0 Y system/<pwd> SYSTEM APPLSYS <new password>
**Changing APPLSYS user password will automatically change APPS user password.
5) Change APPS password in the following files.
$IAS_ORACLE_HOME/Apache/modplsql/cfg/wdbsvr.app
$ORACLE_HOME/reports60/server/CGIcmd.dat (8.0.6 Oracle_home)
$FND_TOP/resource/wfmail.cfg
6) Start the Application on all the nodes.
7 ) Validate services.
8) Recreate DB links if any needed.
9) Check any cron job/scripts/OEM that have apps password hardcoded.
How to Start and Stop Oracle Database and Listener Automatically with Linux Server Reboot
How to Start and Stop Oracle Database and Listener Automatically with Server Reboot
In this post, I am going to share how the Oracle database and listener can automatically
shutdown and startup when the server reboots.
I have a 19c Database
Steps:
1) Edit the /etc/oratab file, and place a Y at the end of the entry for the databases you want to
automatically restart when the system reboots.
# vi /etc/oratab
[SID]:[ORACLE_HOME]:Y
GOLD19:/u01/19cDB:Y
The Y on the end of the string signifies that the database can be started and stopped by the
ORACLE_HOME/bin/dbstart and ORACLE_HOME/bin/dbshut scripts.
2) Create the service script /etc/init.d/dbora. The content of the script is as follows. Make sure you change the values of variables ORA_HOME and ORA_OWNER to match your environment.
All is being done via root user.
#!/bin/bash
# chkconfig: 35 99 10
# description: Starts and Stops Oracle and Listener processes
ORACLE_HOME=/u01/19cDB
ORA_OWNER=oracle
PATH=${PATH}:$ORACLE_HOME/bin
HOST=`hostname`
PLATFORM=`uname`
export ORACLE_HOME PATH
case "$1" in
'start')
echo -n $"Starting Oracle DB: "
su - $ORA_OWNER -c "$ORACLE_HOME/bin/lsnrctl start" &
su - $ORA_OWNER -c "$ORACLE_HOME/bin/dbstart $ORACLE_HOME" &
;;
'stop')
echo -n $"Shutting down Oracle DB: "
su - $ORA_OWNER -c "$ORACLE_HOME/bin/lsnrctl stop" &
su - $ORA_OWNER -c "$ORACLE_HOME/bin/dbshut $ORACLE_HOME" &
;;
'restart')
echo -n $"Shutting down Oracle DB: "
su - $ORA_OWNER -c "$ORACLE_HOME/bin/lsnrctl stop" &
su - $ORA_OWNER -c "$ORACLE_HOME/bin/dbshut $ORACLE_HOME" &
sleep 5
echo -n $"Starting Oracle DB: "
su - $ORA_OWNER -c "$ORACLE_HOME/bin/lsnrctl start" &
su - $ORA_OWNER -c "$ORACLE_HOME/bin/dbstart $ORACLE_HOME" &
;;
*)
echo "usage: $0 {start|stop|restart}"
exit
;;
esac
# End of script dbora
# chkconfig: 35 99 10
# description: Starts and stops Oracle database
The above are mandatory and not just comments since they describe the characteristics of the
service where:
• 35-means that the service will be started in init levels 3 and 5 and will be stopped in other
levels.
• 99-means that the service will be started at the near end of the init level processing
• 10-means that the service will be stopped at the near beginning of the init level processing
3) Make the script executable and Enable to run on boot
1. Change the group of the dbora file to match the group assigned to the operating system owner of the Oracle software
# chgrp dba /etc/init.d/dbora
2. Set the script permissions to 755
# chmod 750 /etc/init.d/dbora
3. Run the following chkconfig command:
# chkconfig --add dbora
This action registers the service to the Linux service mechanism. This also creates the appropriate symbolic links to files beneath the /etc/rc.d directory.
[root@fundb rc.d]# cd rc3.d
[root@fundb rc3.d]# ls -ltr
total 0
lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 17 Jan 26 13:49 S10network -> ../init.d/network
lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 20 Jan 26 13:49 K50netconsole -> ../init.d/netconsole
lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 15 Jan 26 13:55 S97rhnsd -> ../init.d/rhnsd
lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 15 Feb 10 17:01 S99dbora -> ../init.d/dbora
Use the –list option to display whether a service is on or off for each run level:
# chkconfig --list | grep dbora
dbora 0:off 1:off 2:off 3:on 4:off 5:on 6:off
If you need to delete a service, use the --del option of chkconfig.
On Linux 7:
# systemctl enable dbora
/sbin/chkconfig dbora on
Thats it, lets reboot server and validate
You can also do
service dbora stop
service dbora start
On Oracle Database Multitenant PDBs 12c/18c/19c we can create a trigger to start all PDB’s after the restart
Run the following pl/sql with SYSDBA
create or replace trigger sys.after_startup
after startup on database
begin
execute immediate 'alter pluggable database all open';
end after_startup;
/
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How to Install Oracle 19c Database on OEL 7.9
How to Install Oracle 19c Database on OEL 7.9
In this post, I am going to share the steps to install a 19c database on OEL 7.9
I have already created a VM for this setup.
OS version: OEL 7.9
Add the hostname and IP in /etc/hosts if not using DNS as per your server setup
[root@fundb ~]# cat /etc/hosts 127.0.0.1 localhost localhost.localdomain localhost4 localhost4.localdomain4 ::1 localhost localhost.localdomain localhost6 localhost6.localdomain6 192.168.56.21 fundb.training fundb
Download the latest oel 7 public repositories on the server to do the setup. I will use the same to install all the prereqs for the 19c database.
[root@fundb yum.repos.d]# cd /etc/yum.repos.d
[root@fundb yum.repos.d]# wget http://yum.oracle.com/public-yum-ol7.repo
--2021-02-09 17:15:53-- http://yum.oracle.com/public-yum-ol7.repo
Resolving yum.oracle.com (yum.oracle.com)... 23.54.89.140
Connecting to yum.oracle.com (yum.oracle.com)|23.54.89.140|:80... connected.
HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 200 OK
Length: 16402 (16K) [text/plain]
Saving to: ‘public-yum-ol7.repo’
100%[======================================>] 16,402 --.-K/s in 0.005s
2021-02-09 17:15:54 (3.16 MB/s) - ‘public-yum-ol7.repo’ saved [16402/16402]
[root@fundb yum.repos.d]# ls -ltr
total 20
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 16402 Aug 26 2019 public-yum-ol7.repo
Enable(update from 0 to 1) the addons in repo file.
[ol7_addons]
name=Oracle Linux $releasever Add ons ($basearch)
baseurl=https://yum.oracle.com/repo/OracleLinux/OL7/addons/$basearch/
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-oracle
gpgcheck=1
enabled=1
Install prereqs for 19c now.
yum install -y oracle-database-preinstall-19c
ol7_UEKR5 | 2.5 kB 00:00
ol7_addons | 2.5 kB 00:00
ol7_latest | 2.7 kB 00:00
(1/4): ol7_UEKR5/x86_64/updateinfo | 53 kB 00:01
(2/4): ol7_addons/x86_64/primary_db | 169 kB 00:01
(3/4): ol7_addons/x86_64/updateinfo | 95 kB 00:02
(4/4): ol7_UEKR5/x86_64/primary_db | 11 MB 00:12
Resolving Dependencies
--> Running transaction check
---> Package oracle-database-preinstall-19c.x86_64 0:1.0-2.el7 will be installed
If we are using RHEL7 or CentOS7, we can pick up the RPM from the OL7 repository and install it. It will pull the dependencies from your normal repositories.
# yum install -y https://yum.oracle.com/repo/OracleLinux/OL7/latest/x86_64/getPackage/oracle-database-preinstall-19c-1.0-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
yum update -y
Verify file /etc/sysctl.conf to see all kernel-level parameters are updated by the previous commands.
Oracle user would be created. Please change the password.
[root@fundb yum.repos.d]# passwd oracle Changing password for user oracle. New password: BAD PASSWORD: The password contains the user name in some form Retype new password: passwd: all authentication tokens updated successfully.
Verify file "/etc/security/limits.d/oracle-database-preinstall-19c.conf" to see all required changes are updated.
Set secure Linux to permissive by editing the "/etc/selinux/config" file, making sure the SELINUX flag is set as follows.
SELINUX=permissive
Once the change is complete, restart the server or run the following command.
# setenforce Permissive
If you have the Linux firewall enabled, you will need to disable or configure it.
To disable it, do the following.
# systemctl stop firewalld # systemctl disable firewalld
Create directory from oracle user
[oracle@fundb ~]$ mkdir -p /u01/19cDB
Download the 19c(19.3) software from Oracle. Please note there are 2 types of files available to be downloaded. One is RPM-based and the other is a zip file.
I have downloaded the 19c zip file.
Unzip the 19c software at the home location and execute runInstaller.
Go to the directory where the zip file is placed and unzip
[oracle@fundb ~]$ cd /media/sf_Downloads/ [oracle@fundb sf_Downloads]$ unzip -d /u01/19cDB LINUX.X64_193000_db_home.zip
[oracle@fundb 19cDB]$ pwd /u01/19cDB [oracle@fundb 19cDB]$ ls addnode css deinstall env.ora javavm md OPatch oui R root.sh.old.1 sqlj usm apex ctx demo has jdbc mgw opmn owm racg runInstaller sqlpatch utl assistants cv diagnostics hs jdk network oracore perl rdbms schagent.conf sqlplus wwg bin data dmu install jlib nls ord plsql relnotes sdk srvm xdk clone dbjava drdaas instantclient ldap odbc ords precomp root.sh slax suptools crs dbs dv inventory lib olap oss QOpatch root.sh.old sqldeveloper ucp
Open GUI and run the installer from oracle user[oracle@fundb 19cDB]$ export DISPLAY=:0
./runInstallerFollow the screenshot below and start the installation.
Select the installer and create a database option
Select server class
Select Enterprise edition
Select base location
I am creating a non-container database in this post.
I know the root password so have given, else after installation it will ask to run a script via root.
Once completed you might need to run root.sh if earlier root password was not given via root user.
Let's verify the database now
[oracle@fundb ~]$ . oraenv ORACLE_SID = [oracle] ? GOLD19 The Oracle base has been set to /u01/app/oracle [oracle@fundb ~]$ echo $ORACLE_HOME /u01/19cDB [oracle@fundb ~]$ sqlplus '/as sysdba' SQL*Plus: Release 19.0.0.0.0 - Production on Wed Feb 10 15:37:12 2021 Version 19.3.0.0.0 Copyright (c) 1982, 2019, Oracle. All rights reserved. Connected to: Oracle Database 19c Enterprise Edition Release 19.0.0.0.0 - Production Version 19.3.0.0.0 SQL> select name,open_mode from v$database; NAME OPEN_MODE --------- -------------------- GOLD19 READ WRITE
Understanding the Flow when EBS R12.2 URL is entered in the Browser
Understanding the Flow when EBS URL is entered in the Browser
In this post, I am going to share what happens when we enter an EBS URL in a browser .
When a HTTP request is made for EBS, the clinet system will first check the hostname and port is reachable or not.Then request is received by the Oracle HTTP Server (OHS).
When the configuration of OHS is for a resource that needs to be processed by Java, such as logging into EBS, the OHS configuration will redirect the request to the Web Logic Server (WLS) Java process (OACore in this case).
WLS determines the J2EE application that should deal with the request, which is called "oacore".
This J2EE application needs to be deployed and available for processing requests in order for the request to succeed. The
J2EE application needs to access a database and does this via a datasource which is configured within WLS.
Login HTTP headers
When the EBS login works OK, the browser will be redirected to various different URLs in order for the login page to be
displayed. The page flow below shows the URLs that will be called to display the login page:
/OA_HTML/AppsLogin
EBS Login URL
/OA_HTML/AppsLocalLogin.jsp
Redirects to local login page
/OA_HTML/RF.jsp?
function_id=1032925&resp_id=-1&resp_appl_id=-1&security_group_id=0&lang_code=US&oas=3TQG_dtTW
bxji7iwlQUg
Renders the login page
The URLs after the user enters username and password, then clicks the "login" button are shown below:
/OA_HTML/OA.jsp?
page=/oracle/apps/fnd/sso/login/webui/MainLoginPG&_ri=0&_ti=640290175&language_code=US&reques
/OA_HTML/OA.jsp?OAFunc=OANEWHOMEPAGE
/OA_HTML/RF.jsp?function_id=MAINMENUREST&security_group_id=0
Renders user home page
Once the users home page is displayed, the logout flow also redirects to several different URL before returning to the login page:
/OA_HTML/OALogout.jsp?menu=Y
Logout icon has been clicked
/OA_HTML/AppsLogout
/OA_HTML/AppsLocalLogin.jsp?langCode=US&_logoutRedirect=y
Redirects to the login page
/OA_HTML/RF.jsp?
function_id=1032925&resp_id=-1&resp_appl_id=-1&security_group_id=0&lang_code=US&oas=r6JPtR7-
a4n5U2H3--ytEg..¶ms=1JU-PCsoyAO7NMAeJQ.9N6auZoBnO8UYYXjUgSPLHdpzU3015KGHA668whNgEIQ4
Renders login page again
Quick Bash Code Snippet to Check if the IP is reachable or not
Quick Code Snippet to Check if the IP is reachable or not
In this post, I am sharing a code snippet that can be used in various different scenarios where you want to check IP reachability using a shell script.
Code Snippet
if ping -c 1 10.1.1.10 &> /dev/null
then
echo "Cluster node 10.1.1.10 is reachable"
else
echo "Cluster node 10.1.1.10 is not reachable"
fi
We can integrate it with various other scripts to sent mail alerts or monitoring purposes.
A scenario example I am sharing.
I created a file /shared/CLUSTER_NODE_CHECK/db_nodes which contains all the servers from where I want to check the node ping.
cat db_nodes
server1
server2
server3
The above code snippet, I saved in my shared location(check_cluster_node.sh) and below script will run it on the server name specified in the db_nodes file.
DB_NODES=/shared/CLUSTER_NODE_CHECK/db_nodes
LOGFILE=/tmp/log_files
for prod_server in `cat ${DB_NODES} |grep -v "^#"`
do
echo ""
echo "Checking ${prod_server}" >> $LOGFILE
ssh ${prod_server} '/shared/CLUSTER_NODE_CHECK/check_cluster_node.sh' >> $LOGFILE 2>&1
if [ $? != 0 ]
then
echo " Error on connecting ${prod_server} " >> $LOGFILE
fi
echo ""
done
if [ `grep "not reachable" ${LOGFILE} |wc -l` -gt 0 ]
then
mail -s "NFS cluster Reachability Check Failed $(date)" support@funoracleapps.com < $LOGFILE
fi
Tar and Untar in HP UX
Tar and Untar in HP UX
Tar utility can be helpful while taking a backup. Note that tar can preserve the file's permission and its mode.
For example, I have the following directory structure:
/home/oracle/himanshu/database
/home/oracle/himanshu/database/data
/home/oracle/himanshu/database/12.1.0
Create a tar archive
tar cvf database.tar /home/oracle/himanshu/database
If you want to include into your archive several different directories you might use the following command:
tar cvf database.tar -I include.lst
where the -I option specifies the name of a file with a list of directories and files that you want to include into your archive.
Also, it's possible to exclude certain files and directories from your archive:
tar cvfX database.tar exclude.lst -I include.lst
List an archive contents
tar tf database.tar
Extract from an archive
tar xvfp database.tar
Please note that everything will be extracted exactly at the same location from where it was taken. If some directories do no exist then they will be created.
Tar's options
c - add to the archive, using an absolute path
x - extract from the archive
t - read the contents of an archive
f - you work with a file, otherwise, it's a tape
p - preserve file's permissions and modes
v - verbose, display the result
-I - use an include list
X - use an exclude list
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